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An overview of the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture and the three main layers: access, distribution, and core layers.
Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture: An Overview
As businesses grow and evolve, their network infrastructure needs to keep pace. The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture is designed to meet the evolving needs of modern enterprises, providing a scalable and flexible network infrastructure that can adapt to changing requirements. In this article, we'll take a closer look at the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture, including its three main layers: access, distribution, and core layers.
The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture
The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture is a modular and scalable network design that is intended to support the demands of large organizations. The architecture is designed to provide high availability, fault tolerance, and scalability, while also providing flexibility to accommodate future growth and new technologies. The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture consists of three main layers: access, distribution, and core layers.
The access layer is responsible for connecting end-user devices, including inline Power over Ethernet (PoE) for IP telephony and wireless access points. It also provides security features such as IEEE 802.1X, port security, DHCP snooping, dynamic ARP inspection (DAI), and IP source guard.
The distribution layer aggregates traffic from all nodes and uplinks from the access layer and provides policy-based connectivity. It performs routing and packet manipulation and can be a routing boundary between the access and core layers. It provides high availability through dual paths from the distribution layer to the core and from the access layer to the distribution layer, and offers default gateway redundancy using an FHRP, such as HSRP, GLBP, or VRRP.
The core layer provides scalability, high availability, and fast convergence to the network. It is the backbone for campus connectivity, and is the aggregation point for the other layers and modules in the Cisco enterprise campus architecture. The core provides a high level of redundancy and can adapt to changes quickly. It is a high-speed, Layer 3 switching environment that should use hardware-accelerated services if possible.
A few Cisco technologies that can be used in the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture, such as StackWise and StackPower for high availability and common management of Power over Ethernet (PoE) in the stack, and Virtual Switching System (VSS) for reducing or eliminating the need for FHRPs at the distribution layer.
Access Layer
The access layer is the first layer of the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture. It is responsible for providing network access to end-user devices, such as computers, phones, printers, and wireless access points. The access layer is also responsible for enforcing network policies and security measures. This layer typically consists of switches and access points.
In an enterprise network, the access layer is where the majority of devices are connected. As a result, this layer needs to be scalable and flexible, while also providing high availability and security. Cisco provides a range of switches and access points that are designed for the access layer, including the Cisco Catalyst series switches and the Cisco Aironet series access points.
Distribution Layer
The distribution layer is the second layer of the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture. Its primary role is to provide connectivity between the access layer and the core layer, as well as to provide policy enforcement, filtering, and aggregation. The distribution layer also provides fault isolation and redundancy, ensuring that the network remains available in the event of a failure.
The distribution layer typically consists of a layer of switches that are responsible for aggregating traffic from the access layer and forwarding it to the core layer. This layer may also include routers, firewalls, and other security devices that are responsible for enforcing network policies and security measures.
Core Layer
The core layer is the backbone of the Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture. Its primary role is to provide high-speed, high-capacity connectivity between different parts of the network. The core layer is responsible for forwarding traffic between the distribution layer switches, and it should provide fault tolerance and high availability.
The core layer typically consists of high-speed switches that are responsible for moving large amounts of traffic quickly and reliably. These switches are designed to provide high availability, with redundant power supplies, fans, and network connections. Cisco provides a range of switches that are designed for the core layer, including the Cisco Nexus series switches.
Conclusion
The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture is designed to provide a modular and scalable network design that can adapt to the changing needs of modern enterprises. Its three main layers, the access, distribution, and core layers, provide a scalable and flexible network infrastructure that can accommodate future growth and new technologies. By using Cisco switches, routers, and access points, organizations can build a robust and reliable network infrastructure that can support the demands of modern business.
I hope you find this blog post helpful. If you have any further questions or need any assistance with your network design, feel free to ask.
Afaq Ahmad, Network Architect
CCDA, CCIE # 42243 (Enterprise Infrastructure), Service Provider
